Taxing and spending
Chapter 10 of the CLEP American Government study guide on Effortless Math covers Taxing and spending: the key terms, the core ideas, and worked examples showing how this topic is tested on the exam.
CLEP American Government, Chapter 10
Taxing and spending
Congress may tax and spend for the general welfare. Appropriations determine whether money may be drawn from the Treasury, giving Congress use over programs and executive action.
The taxing power raises national revenue, while the spending power permits Congress to fund programs serving the general welfare. Spending may reach objectives beyond direct federal regulation by offering funds on conditions, but those conditions must remain constitutionally permissible and cannot become a disguised unlimited police power.
The Appropriations Clause makes enacted legislative authority necessary before money is drawn from the Treasury. An authorization can create a program or set a maximum, yet an agency may still need an appropriation before obligating funds. Conversely, appropriations language can limit how available money is used.
Follow three separate decisions: how revenue is raised, what program is authorized, and what funding is legally provided. The president proposes and executes within law; Congress legislates taxes and appropriations through bicameralism and presentment. Neither a committee plan nor a presidential budget alone moves Treasury funds.
Video lesson: Congressional Decisions: Crash Course Government and Politics #10
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