CLEP U.S. History I 087: Antebellum Urban Growth and Public Health
U.S. History to 1877 | Chapter 16 | Lesson 16.3 Ports, canal junctions, river cities, and manufacturing centers expanded quickly. Growth concentrated workers and customers, but municipal services often lagged. Crowded housing, contaminated wells, poor drainage, animals, refuse, and limited sewer systems helped disease spread. Cholera epidemics exposed inequalities: wealthy residents could sometimes leave crowded […]
CLEP U.S. History I 086: Nativism and the Know-Nothing Movement
U.S. History to 1877 | Chapter 16 | Lesson 16.2 Nativism treated native-born Protestants as the proper guardians of the republic and Catholic immigrants as a political danger. Critics alleged that Catholics obeyed the pope rather than constitutional government. Economic downturns and job competition sharpened hostility, while rapid urban growth made cultural difference more visible. […]
