Age
Chapter 39 of the CLEP American Government study guide on Effortless Math covers Age: the key terms, the core ideas, and worked examples showing how this topic is tested on the exam.
CLEP American Government, Chapter 39
Age
Age patterns combine life cycle, cohort, and period. Turnout generally rises from young adulthood into middle and later life as people gain residential stability, registration history, community ties, and repeated voting habits. Health, mobility, or institutional residence can later raise costs. A cohort effect occurs when a generation shaped by common events remains distinctive as it ages. A period effect reaches several ages at once, such as an unusually competitive election or administrative disruption.
A single cross-section cannot cleanly separate those explanations because age and birth cohort are linked. If older adults report greater trust in one year, the difference may reflect aging, a generation formed in another era, or selective survival.
Education, income, and age can affect turnout through skills, resources, stability, habit, and recruitment. These mechanisms overlap, which is why a demographic coefficient should not be treated as a person's motive.
Video lesson: How Voters Decide: Crash Course Government and Politics #38
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