Eigenvalue and Eigenvector Calculator (2×2 and 3×3)
Use this free eigenvalue and eigenvector calculator to analyze a 2×2 or 3×3 matrix. It returns the eigenvalues (real or complex), the eigenvectors, the characteristic polynomial, the trace, and the determinant, with step-by-step working.
How it works
The eigenvalues are the solutions of det(A − λI) = 0. For each real eigenvalue, the calculator solves (A − λI)v = 0 to find an eigenvector.
How to use it
- Choose a 2×2 or 3×3 matrix.
- Enter the entries row by row.
- Press Find eigenvalues.
Related: the Matrix Calculator and more free math calculators.
Frequently asked questions
Does it handle complex eigenvalues?
Yes — when the characteristic polynomial has complex roots, they are reported as conjugate pairs.
What size matrices are supported?
2×2 and 3×3 matrices.
What is an eigenvector?
A nonzero vector v with A·v = λ·v, i.e., the matrix only stretches it by the factor λ.
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