Grade 3 Math: Multiplication Facts (6-10)

The multiplication facts from 6 to 10 are the ones most students need longest to make automatic. Patterns cut the work down: the nines follow a digit-sum rule, the tens shift place value, and every fact you already know from the smaller tables counts twice.

The tables from 6 to 10

You already know half of these

Multiplication can be done in either order: 6 × 4 gives the same answer as 4 × 6. That single fact cuts the work roughly in half, because every product you learned in the 2, 3, 4 and 5 tables appears again here with the numbers swapped.

If 4 × 7 = 28 is already automatic, then 7 × 4 = 28 needs no new learning. Look down the table above and you will find each answer twice, once on each side of the diagonal.

The patterns worth knowing

The 10 times table shifts place value. Multiplying by 10 moves every digit one place to the left and puts a zero in the ones place: 7 × 10 = 70. Nothing is memorized here; the digits simply move.

The 9 times table has a digit-sum rule. In every answer from 9 × 1 to 9 × 10, the two digits add to 9: 18 (1 + 8), 27 (2 + 7), 36 (3 + 6), and so on. The tens digit is always one less than the number you multiplied by. For 9 × 6, the tens digit is 5, and the ones digit must make 9, so it is 4: the answer is 54.

The 6 times table is double the 3s. If 3 × 8 = 24, then 6 × 8 is 48. Double what you know.

The 8 times table is double the 4s, or double-double-double the 1s. 8 × 7 is 4 × 7 doubled: 28 becomes 56.

The 7 times table has the fewest shortcuts, which is why it is usually learned last. The only genuinely new fact in it is 7 × 7 = 49; everything else appears somewhere in the tables around it.

Worked examples

• 9 × 7. The tens digit is one less than 7, so 6. The digits must add to 9, so the ones digit is 3. Answer: 63.
• 8 × 6. Double 4 × 6. That is 24 doubled, so 48.
• 6 × 9. Same as 9 × 6 by the swap rule, which the digit-sum trick gives as 54.
• 10 × 4. Shift the 4 one place left and write a zero: 40.

Common mistakes

• Counting up from scratch every time. Working out 8 × 7 by adding eight seven times gets the right answer slowly and does not build recall. Use a fact you already know and adjust: 8 × 7 is 8 × 5 plus 8 × 2, or 40 + 16 = 56.
• Confusing 7 × 8 with 6 × 9. 56 and 54 look alike and sit near each other. Checking with the digit-sum rule settles it: 54 has digits adding to 9, so it belongs to the 9 table.
• Adding a zero for 10 without thinking. The rule works for whole numbers only. 4.5 × 10 is 45, not 4.50.
• Treating multiplication as order-dependent. Some students learn 7 × 3 but stall on 3 × 7. They are the same product.

Practice questions on the 6 to 10 times tables

1. 7 × 8
2. 9 × 4
3. 6 × 7
4. 10 × 9
5. 8 × 8
6. A box holds 9 crayons. How many crayons are in 7 boxes?
7. Ella walks 6 laps of a track that is 8 meters long. How far does she walk?

Answers

1. 56. Double 4 × 7 = 28.
2. 36. The tens digit is one less than 4, so 3; the digits add to 9, so the ones digit is 6.
3. 42. The same as 7 × 6.
4. 90. Shift the 9 one place left.
5. 64. Double 4 × 8 = 32.
6. 63 crayons. 9 × 7.
7. 48 meters. 6 × 8.

Additional Practice Resources

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