Microeconomics

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Watercolor detective comic of two students and a dog examining skills, opportunity, market power and inheritance as possible mechanisms behind economic gaps.

Income Inequality: Causes, Evidence and Policy Choices

Compare income inequality, poverty, wealth and mobility. Examine wage-gap evidence, check a hypothetical phaseout and try three original questions.

Chalk comic of a tutor and an owl fitting area pieces A and B beside the Gini formula A divided by the sum of A and B.

Gini Coefficient: Calculate and Interpret the Area Ratio

Calculate the Gini coefficient from Lorenz-curve areas. Distinguish the 0–1 and 0–100 scales, check a worked example and try three interactive questions.

Origami town comic of a teacher and a fox examining two joining storefronts while other rival shops remain separate.

HHI Merger Thresholds: Apply the 2023 Structural Screen

Ceramic mosaic comic of an engineer and an octopus operating a shared water network with marginal-cost, average-cost and price-cap valves.

Natural Monopoly Regulation: Pricing and Cost Recovery

Ballpoint-and-marker comic of a referee examining a price-pact ribbon between two racing carts while another cart competes through better products.

Antitrust Policy: Competition, Collusion and Exclusion

Two gated bridges compare spare capacity with crowded traffic, showing how congestion changes rivalry while access remains excludable.

Congestion and Club Goods: Rivalry and Excludability

Stained-glass comic of fishers harvesting a shared lake while a worried trout calculates the shared depletion cost.

Common Resources: Overuse, Shared Costs and Rules

Crayon comic contrasts shoppers buying separate apple quantities at one price with households benefiting from one shared warning siren.

Public Goods: Vertical Summation vs. Private Demand

Copper-and-enamel comic of a beaver engineer comparing a tax price tag, a cap ticket stack and a standards checklist while a frog advises measuring first.

Pollution Taxes, Tradable Permits and Standards

Brush-ink comic of an owl woodworker and a sleepy hedgehog discussing a possible agreement over workshop noise, with a snail asking about clear rights.

Coase Theorem: Bargaining, Rights and Transaction Costs

Paper-collage squirrel inventor waters a plant while spray also benefits a rabbit’s flowers; a ladybug asks who else benefits.

Positive Externalities: Social Benefit and Corrective Subsidies

Scratchboard comic of a badger potter counting clay and fuel while kiln soot spots a fox neighbor’s washing; a mole asks about the neighbor’s cost.

Negative Externalities: Social Cost and Corrective Taxes