How to Use Partial Products to Multiply One-Digit Numbers By Multi-digit Numbers

A Step-by-step Guide to Using Partial Products to Multiply One-Digit Numbers By Multi-digit Numbers

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to use the partial products method to multiply one-digit numbers via multi-digit numbers:

Let’s use an example of 4 x 123.

Step 1: Break down the multi-digit number

First, you need to break down the multi-digit number into its place values. In this case, 123 becomes (100+20+3).

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Step 2: Multiply the single-digit number with each part of the multi-digit number

Now, you multiply the single-digit number (in this case, 4) with each part of the multi-digit number:

• (4×100=400)
• (4×20=80)
• (4×3=12)

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Step 3: Add the products

Finally, you add up all of these products to get the answer:
(400+80+12=492)
So, (4×123=492)

This method is called the Partial Products method because you are finding the product of parts of the multi-digit number (the “partial products”) and then adding them together. This method helps students understand the concept of multiplication and the importance of place value. It can be a great stepping stone before learning more traditional multiplication algorithms.

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