The independent variable is the one you change or control in an experiment or a function. It goes on the horizontal axis, and the dependent variable, which responds to it, goes on the vertical.
Math Dictionary / Independent Variable
Independent Variable
An independent variable is an input value that can be chosen or changed.
FunctionsGrade 6Grade 7Grade 8Algebra 1SATACT
What it means
The dependent variable changes based on it.
Also called: input variable
Examples
| In y = 3x, x is the independent variable |
| Time can be independent when distance depends on time |
| Number of tickets can determine total cost |
Common mistake
The independent variable is usually the input, not the result.
Try one
Question: In P = 2h, if pay depends on hours worked, which variable is independent?
Show answer
h, the hours worked.