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Political efficacy

Political efficacy

CLEP American Government, Chapter 39 Political efficacy Political efficacy helps explain participation. Internal efficacy is confidence that one can understand politics and act effectively. External efficacy is belief that government institutions are responsive to people like oneself. A skilled organizer may have high internal but low external efficacy; a trusting citizen may believe government listens […]

Mobilization

Mobilization

CLEP American Government, Chapter 39 Mobilization Mobilization changes whether preferences become ballots. Campaigns, parties, unions, congregations, community groups, friends, and family provide information, reminders, registration help, transportation, social pressure, and a direct request. Mobilization can alter the composition of the electorate without changing anyone's candidate preference. If one campaign turns out more supporters, its vote […]

Economic conditions

Economic conditions

Issue voting

Issue voting

Candidate characteristics

Candidate characteristics

Party identification

Party identification

Region

Region

Gender

Gender

Religion

Religion

Race and ethnicity

Race and ethnicity

Age

Age

Income

Income