Enzymes

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Comic enzyme crew separates DNA strands with helicase, extends a new strand with polymerase and seals a backbone nick with ligase.

DNA Replication Enzymes: Roles and Worked Examples

A typical diploid human cell preparing to divide copies roughly six billion base pairs of nuclear DNA. Each daughter cell needs a complete set. An error at every thousandth base would leave extensive damage, while the illustrative final error rate used here is about one per billion after correction.

Hand-inked comic comparing competitive inhibition at the active site with pure noncompetitive inhibition at a separate site; extra substrate cannot restore the latter’s Vmax.

Enzyme Kinetics: Km, Vmax and Inhibition

Pour hydrogen peroxide on the kitchen counter and it sits there, decomposing so slowly that a sealed bottle lasts for months. Add a small piece of potato to a supervised laboratory peroxide assay and it foams quickly. The chemistry is identical in both places: peroxide breaking down into water and o

Chalk comic of four biomolecule characters: carbohydrates for fuel and structure, lipids for membranes and storage, proteins for enzymes and transport, and nucleic acids for genetic information.

Chemistry of Life: Biomolecules and Enzymes