Parkland Formula Calculator
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The Parkland formula estimates lactated Ringer’s for the first 24 hours after a major burn: 4 mL × body weight (kg) × percent total body surface area burned. Half is given in the first 8 hours from the time of injury.
| Total (24 h) | 8,400 mL |
| First 8 hours from time of burn | 4,200 mL |
| Rate now (7 h left in the first 8) | 600 mL/h |
| Next 16 hours | 263 mL/h |
| Urine output target (adults) | 0.5 mL/kg/h ≈ 35 mL/h |
Show steps
- Formula: 4 mL × weight (kg) × %TBSA = 4 × 70 × 30 = 8400 mL.
- Half in the first 8 hours after the burn (not after arrival), the rest over the next 16 hours.
- Count only partial- and full-thickness burns in %TBSA, not superficial (first-degree) burns.
The formula
Total (mL) = factor × weight (kg) × %TBSA. Give half in the first 8 hours counted from the time of the burn, so if a patient arrives 2 hours late, that half runs over 6 hours. The other half runs over the next 16 hours.
Estimating TBSA
The rule of nines for adults: head 9%, each arm 9%, front of trunk 18%, back of trunk 18%, each leg 18%, perineum 1%. Superficial (first-degree) burns are not counted.
Titration
The result is a starting estimate. Fluids are adjusted to urine output (about 0.5 mL/kg/h in adults, 1 mL/kg/h in small children) to avoid both under- and over-resuscitation.
Parkland Formula Calculator quiz: 10 questions
Test yourself with 10 multiple-choice questions. Choose an answer and press Submit to see if you are right and why. Your score appears at the end.
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Frequently asked questions
What is the Parkland formula?
4 mL of lactated Ringer's × weight (kg) × %TBSA in the first 24 hours, half in the first 8.
Is modified Brooke different?
It uses 2 mL instead of 4, which current advanced burn life support guidance favors for adults to reduce over-resuscitation.
When do the 8 hours start?
At the time of the burn, not arrival.
Which burns count toward TBSA?
Partial- and full-thickness burns only.
Who should use this?
Trained clinicians, following local burn protocols.
Sources
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