CLEP U.S. History I 109: Sharecropping, Courts, Northern Retreat, and 1877
U.S. History to 1877 | Chapter 19 | Lesson 19.7 Emancipation ended ownership of people but did not redistribute most southern land. Freedpeople sought family-controlled labor, subsistence plots, wages, or landownership. Planters sought a dependable labor force and restoration of commercial agriculture. Early contracts ranged from monthly wages to gang labor, rental, and shares. Over […]
CLEP U.S. History I 108: White Supremacist Violence and Federal Enforcement
U.S. History to 1877 | Chapter 19 | Lesson 19.6 The Ku Klux Klan and other organizations used murder, whipping, sexual violence, arson, and intimidation to destroy Black voting, officeholding, schools, landownership, and Republican organization. Violence was political, not merely private prejudice. Events such as the Colfax massacre showed how armed groups could overturn election […]
