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Courts of appeals

Courts of appeals

CLEP American Government, Chapter 15 Courts of appeals of appeals: reviewing for error. The 13 federal courts of appeals review district-court judgments and specified decisions of federal agencies. Twelve serve geographic circuits. The Federal Circuit instead has nationwide jurisdiction over specialized subjects assigned by Congress, including many patent appeals. Appeals are ordinarily heard by three-judge […]

District courts

District courts

CLEP American Government, Chapter 15 District courts courts: building the record. United States district courts are the principal federal trial courts. A civil or criminal case ordinarily begins there only if federal subject-matter jurisdiction exists. The nation has 94 federal judicial districts, with at least one in every state and one in the District of […]

Structure of the federal judiciary

Structure of the federal judiciary

Relationships among agencies, committees, and interest groups

Relationships among agencies, committees, and interest groups

Issue networks

Issue networks

Iron triangles

Iron triangles

Administrative Procedure Act

Administrative Procedure Act

Freedom of Information Act

Freedom of Information Act

Whistleblowers

Whistleblowers

Inspectors general

Inspectors general

Judicial review of agencies

Judicial review of agencies

Presidential control

Presidential control