Distributing Decimals: How to Multiply with a 1-digit Whole Number
The distributive property is a fundamental principle in mathematics that states that multiplication distributes over addition. When applied to decimals, it provides a systematic approach to multiplying them by a 1-digit whole number. Let’s delve into this method.
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Distributive Property Formula:
\(a \times (b + c) = (a \times b) + (a \times c)\)
Multiplying Decimals by a 1-digit Whole Number Using the Distributive Property
Example 1:
Multiply \(2.3\) by \(4\).
Solution Process:
1. Break \(2.3\) into \(2 + 0.3\).
2. Apply the distributive property: \(4 \times (2 + 0.3) = (4 \times 2) + (4 \times 0.3)\).
Answer:
\(4 \times 2 = 8\) and \(4 \times 0.3 = 1.2\). Summing these gives \(9.2\).
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Example 2:
Multiply \(3.5\) by \(3\).
Solution Process:
1. Break \(3.5\) into \(3 + 0.5\).
2. Apply the distributive property: \(3 \times (3 + 0.5) = (3 \times 3) + (3 \times 0.5)\).
Answer:
\(3 \times 3 = 9\) and \(3 \times 0.5 = 1.5\). Summing these gives \(10.5\).
The distributive property offers a structured approach to multiplying decimals by 1-digit whole numbers. By breaking down the decimal into its whole number and fractional parts, you can simplify the multiplication process. This method not only reinforces your understanding of decimals but also strengthens your foundational knowledge of multiplication. With practice, you’ll find that using the distributive property makes decimal multiplication a breeze!
Practice Questions:
1. Multiply \(1.4\) by \(5\) using the distributive property.
2. Determine the product of \(2.6\) and \(6\) using the distributive property.
3. Multiply \(0.7\) by \(8\) using the distributive property.
4. Determine the product of \(3.8\) and \(7\) using the distributive property.
5. Multiply \(4.9\) by \(2\) using the distributive property.
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Answers:
1. \(7\)
2. \(15.6\)
3. \(5.6\)
4. \(26.6\)
5. \(9.8\)
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