85 questions/tasks. Use the approved directions below.
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Listening and speaking tasks require the facilitator materials; text scripts are not recorded audio. Keep facilitator-only scripts hidden during a listening attempt.
Complete the booking form. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Main contact: Leila .
Show answer and explanation
Response:Marlow
Final answer:Marlow
Marlow is spelled aloud. After the coordinator asks whether the surname ends in E, the caller gives M, A, R, L, O, W, which supplies the six letters you need for the contact field. Leila is already printed beside the gap, so enter just the surname.
Question 2
Complete the booking form. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Selected workshop: outdoor .
Show answer and explanation
Response:photography
Final answer:photography
The caller settles on photography after hearing the current options and explaining that the group wants to learn about taking pictures with cameras or phones. Navigation was an earlier idea. Wildlife observation is offered too, but the booking follows the caller's confirmed choice, giving photography after outdoor.
Question 3
Complete the booking form. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Day of attendance: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:Sunday
Final answer:Sunday
Saturday is full. Although the group originally hoped to attend that day, the caller checks the others' message and accepts the coordinator's offer of Sunday with the same instructor and content. Put Sunday in the attendance field.
Question 4
Complete the booking form. Write ONE NUMBER ONLY. Number of participants booked: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:6
Final answer:6
Five was the initial count, and the caller adds one person's brother before asking the coordinator to book six places for the group. Eight is the venue's capacity limit, so it does not replace the six participants actually requested for this booking.
Question 5
Complete the booking form. Write ONE NUMBER ONLY. Fee per student: £.
Show answer and explanation
Response:18
Final answer:18
Students pay eighteen pounds. The coordinator also mentions a standard price of twenty-four pounds, but all members have student cards and are asking about the student rate that will be checked on arrival. The pound sign is supplied in the form, leaving 18 to enter.
Question 6
Complete the booking form. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Equipment supplied to each small working group: a .
Show answer and explanation
Response:tripod
Final answer:tripod
A tripod is supplied. The coordinator asks participants to bring their own charged camera or phone, then identifies a tripod as the item provided for each small working group during the workshop. Notebook is only a suggestion, and tripod fits the printed article a.
Question 7
Complete the booking form. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Food participants must bring: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:lunch
Final answer:lunch
The coordinator asks the group to bring lunch for the halfway stop because the drinks point sells coffee but cannot provide a meal. Lunch answers the food entry. Coffee can be bought on arrival if wanted, with no requirement to bring it.
Question 8
Complete the booking form. Write ONE WORD ONLY. New meeting point: the just inside the pedestrian entrance.
Show answer and explanation
Response:bridge
Final answer:bridge
Bridge completes the gap. Building work has changed the meeting arrangements from the main gate the caller remembers to a bridge just inside the pedestrian entrance, reached by the bus-stop path. The larger road bridge is expressly excluded by the coordinator.
Question 9
Complete the booking form. Write the TIME as numerals. Workshop teaching starts at in the morning.
Show answer and explanation
Response:9:30
Final answer:9:30 a.m.
Teaching begins at nine thirty after a timetable change linked to the weekend bus service, so the requested numerical response is 9:30. Nine was the previous start. The instructor arrives fifteen minutes before teaching begins, which answers a different timing question.
Question 10
Complete the booking form. Write the POSTCODE using letters and digits. Postcode for the office: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:LK3 8QN
Final answer:LK3 8QN
The office postcode is given as L K three followed by eight Q N, with lake used to clarify the first letter. Preserve that order. LK3 8QN combines the letters and digits, and the coordinator warns that this postal address is separate from the reserve's meeting instructions.
Question 11
Use the Willowmere Reserve map. Choose the letter, A-H, marking the current workshop hut.
☐ A. Location A on the map
☐ B. Location B on the map
☐ C. Location C on the map
☐ D. Location D on the map
☐ E. Location E on the map
☐ F. Location F on the map
☐ G. Location G on the map
☐ H. Location H on the map
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:C (workshop hut)
Start at the visitor entrance, follow the Main Path beyond the Lake Path crossing, then turn west at the Hill Path and look north near its western end. That leads to C. F is beside the lower western path and represents the former workshop building mentioned in the recording.
Question 12
Use the Willowmere Reserve map. Choose the letter, A-H, marking the current viewing platform.
☐ A. Location A on the map
☐ B. Location B on the map
☐ C. Location C on the map
☐ D. Location D on the map
☐ E. Location E on the map
☐ F. Location F on the map
☐ G. Location G on the map
☐ H. Location H on the map
Show answer and explanation
Response:G
Final answer:G (viewing platform)
The eastern Hill Path forks. Its northward branch ends at G, matching the guide's instruction to walk towards the top of the plan to reach the viewing platform. H is at the southern branch's end, so reaching the right fork alone is insufficient without choosing its northward route.
Question 13
Use the Willowmere Reserve map. Choose the letter, A-H, marking the current north gate.
☐ A. Location A on the map
☐ B. Location B on the map
☐ C. Location C on the map
☐ D. Location D on the map
☐ E. Location E on the map
☐ F. Location F on the map
☐ G. Location G on the map
☐ H. Location H on the map
Show answer and explanation
Response:D
Final answer:D (north gate)
D ends the Main Path. The guide places the north gate at the top of that straight route beyond the Hill Path crossing, whereas G and H lie on branches farther east. The visitor entrance at the bottom is the starting point, not the northern exit.
Question 14
Use the Willowmere Reserve map. Choose the letter, A-H, marking the current seating area.
☐ A. Location A on the map
☐ B. Location B on the map
☐ C. Location C on the map
☐ D. Location D on the map
☐ E. Location E on the map
☐ F. Location F on the map
☐ G. Location G on the map
☐ H. Location H on the map
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:B (seating area)
The pond is south of the eastern Lake Path, so the seats directly opposite it must be on that path's north side at B. Check the eastern side too. F lies north of the same horizontal path but is west of the Main Path, away from the pond.
Question 15
Use the Willowmere Reserve map. Choose the letter, A-H, marking the current water-refill point.
☐ A. Location A on the map
☐ B. Location B on the map
☐ C. Location C on the map
☐ D. Location D on the map
☐ E. Location E on the map
☐ F. Location F on the map
☐ G. Location G on the map
☐ H. Location H on the map
Show answer and explanation
Response:E
Final answer:E (water-refill point)
E is halfway between the crossings. It sits immediately east of the Main Path, which puts it on a visitor's right when walking north from the entrance towards the Hill Path. B marks a location farther east by the Lake Path, and the guide separates the refill point from the seating area.
Question 16
Why is the eastern continuation of the Lake Path closed today?
☐ A. Storm damage must be repaired.
☐ B. Nesting birds need protection.
☐ C. Routine cleaning is taking place there.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:To protect nesting birds.
Today's closure protects nesting birds. The guide mentions storm repairs as a past reason for closing paths and says routine cleaning is happening elsewhere, then gives the nests beside this stretch as the reason visitors must stay away. Choose B for the present restriction.
Question 17
At what time does the visitor entrance now close?
☐ A. 4 p.m.
☐ B. 5 p.m.
☐ C. 6 p.m.
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:6 p.m.
The entrance now closes at six. Five belongs both to the earlier leaflet and to the shop's current closing time, so hearing that number twice does not make it the entrance rule. The guide also asks visitors to return before six, confirming C.
Question 18
What must a visitor do to reserve a place on a guided walk?
☐ A. Register online before arriving.
☐ B. Ask at the information desk on arrival.
☐ C. Enter the reserve without registering.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:Register online before arriving.
Reserve a walk online before arrival. Asking at the information desk provides details about a walk but does not reserve a place, and the separate rule allowing general entry without registration concerns an ordinary visit. Only A supplies the booking action requested here.
Question 19
What arrangement applies to children under twelve?
☐ A. They may visit alone if they know the route.
☐ B. They must stay with an accompanying adult.
☐ C. They may visit alone with a parent's written note.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:They must stay with an accompanying adult.
An accompanying adult must stay with a child under twelve throughout the visit, even if the child knows the route or carries written permission from a parent. Neither exception is allowed. B expresses the requirement that remains in force under both suggested alternatives.
Question 20
Where should visitors go when the weather warning is activated?
☐ A. A nearby tree beside the path.
☐ B. The viewing platform near the eastern edge.
☐ C. The visitor building at the entrance.
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:The visitor building at the entrance.
Return to the visitor building. The guide names this building at the entrance as the destination after a weather warning and explains that staff need a common place to account for visitors and give instructions. The tree and platform are both locations the guide tells people to avoid.
Question 21
Match the view to the speaker who expresses it. Letters may be used more than once. Who changes their own initial proposal of interviewing visitors and decides to concentrate on planned observations?
☐ A. Sam
☐ B. Mina
☐ C. The tutor
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:Sam
Sam proposed the interviews first. He then says he has changed his mind and wants to use the available time for reliable observations, which uniquely answers the question about reversing one's own proposal. The tutor advises him, while Mina raises concerns about time and equipment.
Question 22
Match the view to the speaker who expresses it. Letters may be used more than once. Who proposes comparing a second meter if the laboratory agrees to lend it?
☐ A. Sam
☐ B. Mina
☐ C. The tutor
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:Mina
Mina proposes the second-meter comparison. She says she could arrange it if the laboratory lends the equipment, making the loan a condition of her suggestion. Sam later asks about borrowing elsewhere, and the tutor advises keeping unconfirmed resources out of the settled plan.
Question 23
Match the view to the speaker who expresses it. Letters may be used more than once. Who points out that overall entrance counts would duplicate existing reserve records?
☐ A. Sam
☐ B. Mina
☐ C. The tutor
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:The tutor
The reserve already keeps entrance totals. It is the tutor who explains that the manager will supply the relevant dates and that counting those arrivals again would add no new evidence about use of selected spaces. That attribution gives C, independently of who suggested the original observations.
Question 24
Match the view to the speaker who expresses it. Letters may be used more than once. Who volunteers to record the observation positions and times?
☐ A. Sam
☐ B. Mina
☐ C. The tutor
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:Sam
Sam volunteers to log the positions and times after Mina offers to take the sound-meter readings and says someone must record where and when each reading began. His offer is explicit. The tutor's later advice about naming positions clearly does not make the tutor responsible for logging them.
Question 25
Match the view to the speaker who expresses it. Letters may be used more than once. Who suggests saving weekend observations for a later project because of the present deadline?
☐ A. Sam
☐ B. Mina
☐ C. The tutor
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:Mina
Weekend observations fall after the deadline. Mina therefore proposes retaining them for a later project, while still describing a weekend study as worth doing. Choose B for the speaker who postpones this part of the work, without turning postponement into a judgement that the data would be worthless.
Question 26
What concern do Sam and Mina share about comparing their sound readings?
☐ A. The reserve may have too few visitors.
☐ B. The readings may come from different conditions.
☐ C. Neither meter may be available for the visit.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:The readings may come from different conditions.
Wind exposure worries Mina. Sam points out that the sheltered reading was taken later when fewer people were passing, so both are concerned that the records compare conditions that differ in several ways. B captures their shared comparability problem, even though each notices a different possible influence.
Question 27
Why does the tutor recommend changing the visitor observations?
☐ A. To avoid counting repeated sightings as different visitors.
☐ B. To obtain a separate interview from everyone observed.
☐ C. To include only people who arrive at the main entrance.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:Repeated sightings must not be presented as different visitors.
One person stayed through several checks. Adding every sighting and labelling the result as different visitors would count that person repeatedly, so the tutor asks for separate observations of activity at scheduled times. A states the reason for the change. Interviewing everyone or restricting observations to an entrance would change the method without addressing that counting claim.
Question 28
What does the tutor consider the main weakness in the draft conclusion?
☐ A. A caption has no date.
☐ B. A map label is inconsistent.
☐ C. A causal claim is unsupported.
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:It claims a cause that the method cannot establish.
The draft claims that noise caused departures, although the method records observations and leaves other possible reasons for leaving unmeasured. That is the main weakness. The tutor acknowledges the caption date and map label but ranks both below the unsupported causal conclusion, giving C.
Question 29
Complete the sentence. Write ONE WORD ONLY. At each selected position, the observation should be the same.
Show answer and explanation
Response:duration
Final answer:duration
Each period lasts twenty minutes. Keeping the observation duration equal prevents a longer period from producing a higher total merely through extra time, and the noun duration fits after observation in the sentence. The gap asks for the feature held equal, so a numerical answer alone would miss that feature.
Question 30
Complete the sentence. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS. For the next meeting, the students should bring a showing problems encountered when testing the revised procedure.
Show answer and explanation
Response:pilot log
Final answer:pilot log (also accept log or record)
A pilot log records what happened while the revised procedure was being tested, including problems the students should discuss before collecting their final observations. A finished report can wait. Pilot log, log and the spoken noun record all identify what the students must bring and fit the two-word maximum.
Question 31
Complete the table entry. Write ONE WORD ONLY. First comparison - variable held constant in both rooms: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:temperature
Final answer:temperature
Sunlight can warm a room. The lecturer therefore keeps temperature the same in both workrooms throughout the first task, helping separate a possible thermal effect from the lighting comparison despite identical desks. Brightness is controlled in a later comparison and belongs to a different entry.
Question 32
Complete the table entry. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Second study - main performance outcome counted: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:errors
Final answer:errors
Errors are counted as the main performance outcome because finishing quickly could otherwise appear successful even when participants make incorrect entries during the checking task. Time is recorded as well. The table asks for the main counted outcome, so use the plural errors.
Question 33
Complete the table entry. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Window-design decision - material whose increased use prompts a removable shade: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:glass
Final answer:glass
A larger window requires more glass, leading the team to test a removable shade inside the existing opening before making permanent structural alterations. Glass is the material requested. Shade names the proposed design response, which is a different role in the same part of the lecture.
Question 34
Complete the table entry. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Observation limitation - participants know their lighting condition, which can affect their .
Show answer and explanation
Response:expectations
Final answer:expectations
Participants see the window and shade. Their expectations about daylight may affect enthusiasm or effort even though the person scoring the completed tasks is kept unaware of which room was used. Expectations fills the gap, preserving the lecturer's distinction between concealing information from the scorer and from participants.
Question 35
Complete the table entry. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Longer follow-up - daily contextual feature recorded in addition to the task: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:sleep
Final answer:sleep
Sleep is recorded each day. The follow-up asks about the previous night's duration and interruptions to help interpret performance that changes across sessions, with these details collected alongside the checking-task record. Recording sleep supplies context but does not itself prove that the lighting changed it.
Question 36
Complete the sentence. Write ONE WORD ONLY. The lecturer proposes a change in as one possible mechanism linking lighting and task performance.
Show answer and explanation
Response:alertness
Final answer:alertness
The programme has not been conducted. Alertness is therefore presented as a possible mechanism, defined as readiness to notice information and respond, whose association with task results could be examined using participants' ratings. Enter alertness without treating that proposal as an established finding.
Question 37
Complete the sentence. Write ONE WORD ONLY. To compare the light source separately from the amount of light, the team would match as closely as possible.
Show answer and explanation
Response:brightness
Final answer:brightness
Brightness measures the amount of light. Matching it as closely as equipment permits helps the team compare daylight with electric light without allowing unequal light levels to explain the whole performance difference. The word brightness fits the gap, while temperature belongs to the earlier control described in the lecture.
Question 38
Complete the sentence. Write ONE WORD ONLY. The lecturer uses the term for a changing response as experience with a condition increases.
Show answer and explanation
Response:adaptation
Final answer:adaptation
The lecturer defines adaptation as a response changing with increasing experience of a condition, then proposes comparing early records with later ones in the longer study. Experience is the defining feature. Adaptation names that process, without assuming that the first day's preference will persist.
Question 39
Answer the question. Write ONE WORD ONLY. Who would be responsible for the practical decision about the workplace?
Show answer and explanation
Response:management
Final answer:management
Management makes the practical decision. The researchers can explain findings and limitations, but the building choice also involves budgets, activities and effects on other users that the lecturer assigns to management. Use that single word for the decision-maker asked about here.
Question 40
Answer the question. Write ONE WORD ONLY. What setting does the lecturer propose studying next if the workplace methods prove useful?
Show answer and explanation
Response:schools
Final answer:schools
Schools are the next proposed setting. The lecturer would use useful workplace methods to guide a new study with learning tasks and suitable arrangements, while warning that adult workplace results do not automatically answer those new questions. Copy schools as the setting, without implying that identical building changes are already recommended.
Question 41
Use Reading Passage 1. Decide whether the statement agrees with the information. Choose TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN. Before refrigerators became household appliances, cooling arrangements required people to respond to changing conditions.
☐ A. TRUE - the statement agrees with the information.
☐ B. FALSE - the statement contradicts the information.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the information does not establish whether the statement is true.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:TRUE
Paragraph A describes households selecting cellars or shaded porches and responding to weather, which supports the statement that cooling depended on changing conditions before appliances became available. Choose TRUE. The evidence concerns those earlier arrangements, so capabilities of later refrigerators need not be inferred.
Question 42
Use Reading Passage 1. Decide whether the statement agrees with the information. Choose TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN. Storing natural ice removed the ice trade's dependence on seasonal conditions.
☐ A. TRUE - the statement agrees with the information.
☐ B. FALSE - the statement contradicts the information.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the information does not establish whether the statement is true.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:FALSE
Winter harvesting still supplies the ice. Paragraph B says storage and distribution made cooling more dependable without immediately removing seasonal dependence, directly contradicting the statement's claim that dependence was removed. FALSE follows from that contradiction, even though ice could be delivered after winter.
Question 43
Use Reading Passage 1. Decide whether the statement agrees with the information. Choose TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN. A delivery card could communicate an ice order without someone waiting at the front door.
☐ A. TRUE - the statement agrees with the information.
☐ B. FALSE - the statement contradicts the information.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the information does not establish whether the statement is true.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:TRUE
The card communicates the quantity wanted. Paragraph C explicitly says its position lets a household place that order without waiting at the front door, which is the same relationship expressed in the statement. TRUE requires no assumption about advance payment or any separate conversation with a delivery worker.
Question 44
Use Reading Passage 1. Decide whether the statement agrees with the information. Choose TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN. Iceboxes had disappeared from household use before the 1930s.
☐ A. TRUE - the statement agrees with the information.
☐ B. FALSE - the statement contradicts the information.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the information does not establish whether the statement is true.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:FALSE
Older cabinets survive into the 1930s. Paragraph D contradicts the claim that iceboxes disappeared before the decade began, explaining that introducing mechanical cooling did not mean every household immediately abandoned its previous cabinet, so choose FALSE.
Question 45
Use Reading Passage 1. Decide whether the statement agrees with the information. Choose TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN. Ice-cooled railway cars were used before electric refrigerators became common in homes.
☐ A. TRUE - the statement agrees with the information.
☐ B. FALSE - the statement contradicts the information.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the information does not establish whether the statement is true.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:TRUE
Paragraph E places ice-cooled railway cars in the nineteenth century and explicitly dates them before electric refrigerators became common in homes. The sequence agrees. Choose TRUE, while keeping the transport development separate from an unsupported claim that every cold-chain link improved at the same time.
Question 46
Use Reading Passage 1. Decide whether the statement agrees with the information. Choose TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN. Earl Tupper's 1947 containers were sold with a five-year guarantee.
☐ A. TRUE - the statement agrees with the information.
☐ B. FALSE - the statement contradicts the information.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the information does not establish whether the statement is true.
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:NOT GIVEN
No guarantee length is stated. Paragraph G gives the container's date, sealing action, demonstrations and later parties, but neither confirms nor contradicts a five-year warranty. NOT GIVEN is therefore appropriate, and knowing something about storage products outside this passage cannot fill that missing information.
Question 47
Complete the notes using Reading Passage 1. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Icebox construction - one metal used to line the wooden cabinet: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:tin
Final answer:tin
Tin lines the wooden cabinet. Paragraph C names it as one metal used for the lining, so tin supplies the requested material within the one-word limit. Wood belongs to the cabinet's outer construction, while ice has the separate job of providing cooling.
Question 48
Complete the notes using Reading Passage 1. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Icebox maintenance - substance collected in a pan and removed regularly: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:water
Final answer:water
Melting ice produces water that collects in the pan, and paragraph C says the pan needs emptying as part of the household's repeated work. Water is removed. The entry asks about that collected substance, not the ice block initially delivered as the cooling supply.
Question 49
Complete the notes using Reading Passage 1. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Ice delivery - item positioned to indicate the quantity required: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:card
Final answer:card
The card conveys the order. Paragraph C links its position with the amount of ice requested, identifying card as the one-word item in these delivery notes. The cabinet and pan are nearby objects in the paragraph, but their storage and collection functions do not match this communication role.
Question 50
Complete the notes using Reading Passage 1. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Electric refrigeration - machine component driven by electricity: .
Show answer and explanation
Response:compressor
Final answer:compressor
Compressor names the electric component. Paragraph D describes an electrically driven compressor alongside an absorption refrigerator using heat from a gas flame, and the note asks for the electric machine's component, so compressor supplies the required word.
Question 51
Complete the notes using Reading Passage 1. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Leftover storage - stackable glass had flat lids.
Show answer and explanation
Response:dishes
Final answer:dishes
Flat lids allow the glass dishes in paragraph F to be stacked, making shelf space useful for storing leftovers. Dishes fits the plural grammar. Trays are associated with the later discussion of ice and drinks, so they do not supply the object described by this note.
Question 52
Complete the notes using Reading Passage 1. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Drinks - water was frozen into that manufacturers presented as convenient.
Show answer and explanation
Response:cubes
Final answer:cubes
The water freezes into cubes. Paragraph F describes those cubes as a drink-related convenience manufacturers could display, which identifies the plural noun needed after into in the sentence. The gap asks for the frozen water's form, while a tray or refrigerator would name equipment.
Question 53
Complete the notes using Reading Passage 1. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Container sales - later offered opportunities to show and sell storage containers.
Show answer and explanation
Response:parties
Final answer:parties
Parties provide the sales setting. Paragraph G says that later parties allowed storage containers to be shown and sold, matching the note's two actions. A demonstration explains how the lid works, but parties is the plural passage word naming the later occasion where those sales took place.
Question 54
Use Reading Passage 2. Choose the best heading for paragraph A. Choose A-I. Each heading may be used once; three headings are not needed.
☐ A. Using appointment totals to measure lasting performance
☐ B. Comparing workshops with different starting objects
☐ C. Defining success before counting results
☐ D. Replacing functional checks with customer opinions
☐ E. Tracking objects and investigating missing outcomes
☐ F. Retaining failures and identifying reasons for retirement
☐ G. Eliminating selection differences through a new test
☐ H. Choosing records to answer different questions
☐ I. Separating changes in tests from changes in repairs
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:Defining success before counting results
Appointments, repaired objects and repairs that last answer different questions, and paragraph A uses those differences to argue that evaluators must define success before collecting totals. C expresses that central point. The four specific instruments are introduced afterwards, so choosing records is the focus of paragraph B.
Question 55
Use Reading Passage 2. Choose the best heading for paragraph B. Choose A-I. Each heading may be used once; three headings are not needed.
☐ A. Using appointment totals to measure lasting performance
☐ B. Comparing workshops with different starting objects
☐ C. Defining success before counting results
☐ D. Replacing functional checks with customer opinions
☐ E. Tracking objects and investigating missing outcomes
☐ F. Retaining failures and identifying reasons for retirement
☐ G. Eliminating selection differences through a new test
☐ H. Choosing records to answer different questions
☐ I. Separating changes in tests from changes in repairs
Show answer and explanation
Response:H
Final answer:Choosing records to answer different questions
Each record has a different job. Paragraph B separates an immediate functional test from a diary of use, an owner's opinion and the reason an object is retired, then warns that no record can answer every question. H covers that whole discussion, whereas replacing function checks with opinions contradicts its warning.
Question 56
Use Reading Passage 2. Choose the best heading for paragraph C. Choose A-I. Each heading may be used once; three headings are not needed.
☐ A. Using appointment totals to measure lasting performance
☐ B. Comparing workshops with different starting objects
☐ C. Defining success before counting results
☐ D. Replacing functional checks with customer opinions
☐ E. Tracking objects and investigating missing outcomes
☐ F. Retaining failures and identifying reasons for retirement
☐ G. Eliminating selection differences through a new test
☐ H. Choosing records to answer different questions
☐ I. Separating changes in tests from changes in repairs
Show answer and explanation
Response:E
Final answer:Tracking objects and investigating missing outcomes
An object may return repeatedly or disappear from the records for several possible reasons, so paragraph C connects tracking one object's history with investigating missing outcomes. Both parts matter. E covers them together, while appointment totals alone cannot establish whether an absent object is still working.
Question 57
Use Reading Passage 2. Choose the best heading for paragraph D. Choose A-I. Each heading may be used once; three headings are not needed.
☐ A. Using appointment totals to measure lasting performance
☐ B. Comparing workshops with different starting objects
☐ C. Defining success before counting results
☐ D. Replacing functional checks with customer opinions
☐ E. Tracking objects and investigating missing outcomes
☐ F. Retaining failures and identifying reasons for retirement
☐ G. Eliminating selection differences through a new test
☐ H. Choosing records to answer different questions
☐ I. Separating changes in tests from changes in repairs
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:Comparing workshops with different starting objects
The starting objects differ. Paragraph D compares simple faults in recent lamps with heavily worn equipment, explaining why success rates cannot by themselves establish which workshop repairs more effectively. Choose B for this comparison problem, since recording differences makes them visible but does not promise to eliminate selection effects.
Question 58
Use Reading Passage 2. Choose the best heading for paragraph E. Choose A-I. Each heading may be used once; three headings are not needed.
☐ A. Using appointment totals to measure lasting performance
☐ B. Comparing workshops with different starting objects
☐ C. Defining success before counting results
☐ D. Replacing functional checks with customer opinions
☐ E. Tracking objects and investigating missing outcomes
☐ F. Retaining failures and identifying reasons for retirement
☐ G. Eliminating selection differences through a new test
☐ H. Choosing records to answer different questions
☐ I. Separating changes in tests from changes in repairs
Show answer and explanation
Response:I
Final answer:Separating changes in tests from changes in repairs
A more sensitive test finds faults that the earlier question missed, which means a recorded failure-rate increase could arise from changed measurement even if repairs have not worsened. I covers that distinction. Retaining protocols and overlapping tests helps interpret the numbers without confusing observation with performance.
Question 59
Use Reading Passage 2. Choose the best heading for paragraph F. Choose A-I. Each heading may be used once; three headings are not needed.
☐ A. Using appointment totals to measure lasting performance
☐ B. Comparing workshops with different starting objects
☐ C. Defining success before counting results
☐ D. Replacing functional checks with customer opinions
☐ E. Tracking objects and investigating missing outcomes
☐ F. Retaining failures and identifying reasons for retirement
☐ G. Eliminating selection differences through a new test
☐ H. Choosing records to answer different questions
☐ I. Separating changes in tests from changes in repairs
Show answer and explanation
Response:F
Final answer:Retaining failures and identifying reasons for retirement
Failures remain in the evaluation. Paragraph F explains the distortions produced by removing unsuccessful cases and uses retirement interviews to establish why an object is no longer used. F includes both ideas, while an appointment total cannot distinguish an unresolved fault from replacement for another reason.
Question 60
Match the description to the record in Reading Passage 2. Choose A-D; letters may be used more than once. Which record records a specified functional test before an object leaves the workshop?
☐ A. Satisfaction questionnaire
☐ B. Demonstration record
☐ C. Retirement interview
☐ D. Diary
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:Demonstration record
The demonstration records an immediate test. Paragraph B defines this record by a specified functional check before an object leaves, identifying B. The diary tracks later use, the questionnaire collects the owner's judgement, and the retirement interview asks why use stopped.
Question 61
Match the description to the record in Reading Passage 2. Choose A-D; letters may be used more than once. Which record records dated use and faults for the same object over an agreed period?
☐ A. Satisfaction questionnaire
☐ B. Demonstration record
☐ C. Retirement interview
☐ D. Diary
Show answer and explanation
Response:D
Final answer:Diary
A diary follows the same object. Its dated entries record use and faults over an agreed period, and paragraph C explains how an identifier connects a second visit with the existing history. Choose D for that continuing record, since a successful demonstration before departure supplies no later entries.
Question 62
Match the description to the record in Reading Passage 2. Choose A-D; letters may be used more than once. Which record asks the owner to judge the service received?
☐ A. Satisfaction questionnaire
☐ B. Demonstration record
☐ C. Retirement interview
☐ D. Diary
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:Satisfaction questionnaire
The owner judges the service. Paragraph B assigns that opinion to the satisfaction questionnaire, identifying A even though an owner could be pleased while a repaired switch later fails. The other records concern function, dated use or retirement, which answer different questions.
Question 63
Match the description to the record in Reading Passage 2. Choose A-D; letters may be used more than once. Which record helps distinguish an unresolved fault from an owner's decision to replace an object for another reason?
☐ A. Satisfaction questionnaire
☐ B. Demonstration record
☐ C. Retirement interview
☐ D. Diary
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:Retirement interview
Why did use stop? The retirement interview asks that question, and paragraph F uses the answer to distinguish an unresolved fault from replacing an object for another reason. C identifies the relevant record, without turning retirement itself into evidence of a successful repair.
Question 64
Complete the summary using Reading Passage 2. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. The evaluation follows the same through repeated appointments.
Show answer and explanation
Response:object
Final answer:object
Paragraph C follows one object through dated entries so that another appointment belongs to the same history instead of being counted as an independent success. Object completes the singular gap. That noun preserves the unit being tracked across visits.
Question 65
Complete the summary using Reading Passage 2. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. A defined function and an observation period are needed to judge .
Show answer and explanation
Response:durability
Final answer:durability
Durability depends on an object remaining useful for a defined function over a period of observation, according to paragraph G. Time belongs in the judgement. Copy durability into the summary, since satisfaction records an owner's opinion and does not supply this relationship between function and continued use.
Question 66
Complete the summary using Reading Passage 2. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. To interpret test results, the evaluation preserves the used to make the measurements.
Show answer and explanation
Response:protocol
Final answer:protocol
Preserve the test protocol. Paragraph E explains that its version and the date of a change are needed when a more sensitive test alters the recorded failure rate, and paragraph G retains it for interpretation. Protocol therefore supplies the method record requested by the summary.
Question 67
Use Reading Passage 3. Does the statement agree with the writer's view? Choose YES, NO or NOT GIVEN. Quiet areas should be one option among a wider variety of shared public places.
☐ A. YES - the statement agrees with the writer's view.
☐ B. NO - the statement contradicts the writer's view.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the writer does not establish a view on the statement.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:YES
Quiet areas provide a choice. Paragraph A recommends them within a broader variety of shared places, agreeing with the statement that they should be one option among others. YES reflects this writer's recommendation, without claiming that all existing cities have already adopted it.
Question 68
Use Reading Passage 3. Does the statement agree with the writer's view? Choose YES, NO or NOT GIVEN. Every public room should allow all legitimate activities to take place together at the same time.
☐ A. YES - the statement agrees with the writer's view.
☐ B. NO - the statement contradicts the writer's view.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the writer does not establish a view on the statement.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:NO
The two library visitors have legitimate purposes that need different conditions, and paragraph B rejects making every activity compete in the same space indefinitely. Simultaneous mixing is not required. NO answers the statement's universal rule while allowing the writer's concern for inclusion across the service.
Question 69
Use Reading Passage 3. Does the statement agree with the writer's view? Choose YES, NO or NOT GIVEN. Older visitors benefit more from quiet areas than younger visitors do.
☐ A. YES - the statement agrees with the writer's view.
☐ B. NO - the statement contradicts the writer's view.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the writer does not establish a view on the statement.
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:NOT GIVEN
Age groups are never compared. The passage discusses access and different activities, but offers no judgement that older visitors benefit more than younger ones from quiet provision. Choose NOT GIVEN, because a personal expectation about either group would supply a view the writer has not expressed.
Question 70
Use Reading Passage 3. Does the statement agree with the writer's view? Choose YES, NO or NOT GIVEN. A clear timetable can sometimes provide predictable conditions without permanently separating a room.
☐ A. YES - the statement agrees with the writer's view.
☐ B. NO - the statement contradicts the writer's view.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the writer does not establish a view on the statement.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:YES
A timetable can provide predictability. Paragraph C explicitly allows this without permanent separation when changes are understandable and alternatives can reasonably be found. YES preserves those conditions and the word sometimes, giving agreement without claiming that every timetable will succeed.
Question 71
Use Reading Passage 3. Does the statement agree with the writer's view? Choose YES, NO or NOT GIVEN. Keeping a door open is sufficient to make a quiet area equitable.
☐ A. YES - the statement agrees with the writer's view.
☐ B. NO - the statement contradicts the writer's view.
☐ C. NOT GIVEN - the writer does not establish a view on the statement.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:NO
An open door is insufficient. Paragraph E includes reaching the area, understanding its arrangements and obtaining help within practical access, contradicting the claim that opening the door alone makes provision equitable. Choose NO on that explicit contradiction.
Question 72
Use Reading Passage 3 in Reading-Passages.tex. In paragraph B, what is the main purpose of the imagined example of two library visitors?
☐ A. To suggest that language-learning conversations are the main source of library complaints.
☐ B. To argue that simultaneous mixing in each room gives both visitors the widest access.
☐ C. To explain why different legitimate uses may need distinct conditions.
☐ D. To compare the cultural value of conversation with the practical value of reading.
Show answer and explanation
Response:C
Final answer:To show why distinct conditions can support legitimate different purposes.
Both visitors have legitimate purposes. The imagined reader and language learner illustrate how suitable conditions for different uses can widen the opportunities a library offers, identifying C. The example gives no rate of complaints and ranks neither activity's value, while the argument locates inclusion across the service rather than in mixing everything in each room.
Question 73
Use Reading Passage 3 in Reading-Passages.tex. What is the writer's main caution about flexible arrangements in paragraph C?
☐ A. Movable furniture alone does not show that users' needs are met.
☐ B. A predictable timetable removes the need for a suitable alternative when uses change.
☐ C. The speed with which staff can move furniture is the main test of a flexible room.
☐ D. Choosing suitable furniture is sufficient to make changing use understandable to visitors.
Show answer and explanation
Response:A
Final answer:Their value depends on the uses supported and users' ability to understand the arrangement.
Movable furniture alone proves little. Paragraph C asks what activities the arrangement supports and how readily users can discover whether it suits them today, giving A, while allowing a timetable to help when changes are understandable and alternatives reasonably available. Neither moving furniture quickly nor selecting it carefully fulfils those conditions by itself.
Question 74
Use Reading Passage 3 in Reading-Passages.tex. Why does paragraph F recommend combining consultation and observation?
☐ A. To establish how popular each proposed activity is before selecting the most popular one.
☐ B. To verify that a higher visitor total means each activity has become easier to pursue.
☐ C. To use each complaint as a measure of how commonly the same problem occurs.
☐ D. To understand purposes and actual use beyond a single kind of evidence.
Show answer and explanation
Response:D
Final answer:The evidence reveals different aspects of the arrangement and its users.
Consultation identifies competing purposes before a change, while observation shows how the arrangement actually works afterwards and helps reveal needs a single record misses. Their evidence is complementary. D expresses that reason for combining them, since a complaint cannot establish prevalence and a rising total can conceal one activity becoming harder.
Question 75
Use Reading Passage 3 in Reading-Passages.tex. Which statement best expresses the writer's overall recommendation?
☐ A. Treat quiet areas as a separate service whose success is judged independently of other uses.
☐ B. Offer dependable quiet choices alongside other uses and maintain them over time.
☐ C. Make scheduled flexible rooms the preferred replacement for dedicated quiet areas.
☐ D. Make rising visitor numbers the principal measure of whether quiet provision is successful.
Show answer and explanation
Response:B
Final answer:Provide dependable quiet choices alongside other uses, with continuing support and revision.
The writer wants dependable quiet choices alongside other uses, with funding, clear information and revision when evidence reveals a persistent problem. B retains that continuing obligation. Separate evaluation would miss the relationship among uses, flexible schedules are conditional options, and paragraph F rejects taking an increased visitor total as a complete measure of success.
Question 76
Complete the sentence using Reading Passage 3. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Besides silence, helps a reader know whether a group activity is about to begin nearby.
Show answer and explanation
Response:predictability
Final answer:predictability
Predictability lets a reader know whether conditions are about to change, as paragraph C explains through the possibility of a group activity beginning nearby. Silence describes the present moment. Copy predictability for the additional quality, and keep the timetable separate as one possible way to supply it.
Question 77
Complete the sentence using Reading Passage 3. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. Before entry, can explain where conversation is welcome and how help can be obtained.
Show answer and explanation
Response:orientation
Final answer:orientation
Orientation happens before entry. Paragraph D gives it the job of explaining where conversation is welcome, how concentrated work is accommodated and where assistance can be found. The term orientation fits the gap, reducing the newcomer's need to learn an unwritten code through mistakes.
Question 78
Complete the sentence using Reading Passage 3. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. The writer says should help users locate the option suited to their purpose.
Show answer and explanation
Response:wayfinding
Final answer:wayfinding
Wayfinding helps users locate a suitable option, according to paragraph E, which also requires that the destination be genuinely available once it is found. Copy wayfinding. A confusing route and an area that is always full are distinct obstacles discussed around this named function.
Question 79
Complete the sentence using Reading Passage 3. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. By combining different kinds of evidence, can identify users or purposes missing from a single record.
Show answer and explanation
Response:evaluation
Final answer:evaluation
Evaluation combines the evidence. Paragraph F asks it to bring consultation and observation together while checking the limits of complaints and totals, then identify users or purposes missing from the record. Evaluation fills the gap as the wider process, with observation supplying only one part of it.
Question 80
Complete the sentence using Reading Passage 3. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the passage. To keep a space usable beyond its opening, should cover maintenance, assistance and clear information.
Show answer and explanation
Response:funding
Final answer:funding
Funding sustains access after opening. Paragraph G names maintenance, assistance and clear information as responsibilities needing financial support from the beginning, matching the provisions listed in the sentence. Enter funding for the resource that covers them, rather than substituting one activity the money supports.
Question 81
The chart shows the number of annual visits to a city library for four main purposes in 2018 and 2025. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.
Each visit is classified by its main purpose. Data are fictional and created for this practice task.
Write your response on separate paper.
Show answer and explanation
Response:OPEN: assess the actual response with the four equally weighted task criteria; no unique keyed composition.
Final answer:Illustrative response only: The bar chart compares annual visits to a city library for reading, individual study, group study and community events in 2018 and 2025. The figures are measured in thousands of visits, with each visit assigned to its main purpose. Overall, visits increased in three categories, while reading declined. Individual study became the leading purpose in 2025, replacing reading, and community events remained the least common purpose in both years. Reading accounted for 110,000 visits in 2018, compared with 80,000 for individual study. By 2025, the former had fallen to 85,000, whereas the latter had risen to 125,000. This was an increase of 45,000 for individual study, the largest absolute change among the four categories. Group-study visits doubled from 35,000 to 70,000. Community-event visits also grew, from 25,000 to 40,000, although this category remained below all the others. Taken together, the four purposes accounted for 250,000 visits in 2018 and 320,000 in 2025. Thus, the overall rise was accompanied by a change in the distribution of visits towards study, despite the reduction in reading visits.
Individual study becomes the largest category. Reading falls from 110,000 to 85,000 visits, while the other three purposes increase, so your overview should capture that change before supporting selected comparisons with accurate figures and units. Group study doubles from 35,000 to 70,000. You can organise the report in several ways, provided it gives connected prose, meets the 150-word minimum and reports the main features without inventing causes or treating visits as unique visitors. The illustrative model also gives totals of 250,000 and 320,000, which follow from the four mutually classified purposes. Those totals are optional relevant detail, not a required sentence or an examiner-awarded band.
Question 82
Some people think cities should give priority to public spaces that can be used for many different activities. Others believe cities should provide facilities designed for a particular purpose. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.
Write your response on separate paper.
Show answer and explanation
Response:OPEN: assess the actual response with the four equally weighted task criteria; no unique keyed composition.
Final answer:Illustrative response only: Cities have limited space and money, so the choice between flexible public rooms and facilities for one purpose matters. Multipurpose spaces can serve a wider range of activities, but dedicated facilities can offer conditions that those activities need. In my view, cities should provide a flexible network while keeping some facilities dedicated to uses that cannot easily share a setting. A flexible hall can accommodate a language class in the morning, a community meeting in the afternoon and a music group in the evening. This allows different groups to benefit from the same building without each needing a separate site. It can also let a city respond when local interests change. For example, a room used for a temporary course can be offered to another group when that course ends, rather than becoming an empty facility whose original purpose has disappeared. Nevertheless, flexibility has costs. Moving furniture takes time, storage is needed, and one activity may leave conditions unsuitable for the next. A swimming pool cannot become an ordinary meeting room simply by changing its timetable. Less specialised activities can also conflict: people studying quietly may struggle beside a group rehearsing a performance. Dedicated provision gives such users predictable conditions and can reduce the work needed to prepare a space repeatedly. I would therefore judge the choice by the activities a neighbourhood needs, rather than apply the same design to every building. Flexible rooms should be available for compatible uses, with clear schedules and adequate storage. Facilities requiring particular equipment or dependable conditions should retain their dedicated purpose. This combination would let cities use their resources efficiently while giving residents spaces that work for the activities they actually want to undertake.
The prompt asks for both views. Develop the case for sharing compatible activities across times, explain why some facilities need particular equipment or reliable conditions, and state your own opinion with reasons or examples that make the judgement clear. A mixed position is valid. Agreement with the model is unnecessary, since Task Response concerns answering this prompt and developing a position, while the other criteria assess organisation, vocabulary and grammatical control. Write connected prose with at least 250 words, leaving time to check that each example supports your argument. Task 2 carries twice Task 1's weight, and listing advantages without explaining them would leave room for further development.
Question 83
Answer the interviewer's questions about familiar topics. Give natural answers rather than a prepared speech. Take part in a four-to-five-minute conversation about familiar topics. The facilitator chooses the questions.
Show answer and explanation
Response:OPEN: assess actual spoken performance across the interview; no unique answer or point-per-prompt scoring.
Final answer:Illustrative language example only: I often go to the small park near my flat after work. Most days I just walk for twenty minutes, but on Saturdays I sometimes meet a friend there. It is useful because I can get outside without planning a long journey.
Answer the question being asked. The park example names a nearby place, describes twenty-minute walks and gives a practical reason for visiting, showing how a familiar detail can extend an answer beyond a place name. Follow the interviewer's next focus. Work or study prompts and shared-place questions should fill a natural four-to-five-minute conversation, with brief follow-ups when needed and no requirement to recite the entire prompt bank. A written example can illustrate content and language, but judging pronunciation and oral fluency requires hearing your actual performance across the interview. Use your own relevant details instead of memorising the model's park visit.
Question 84
Describe a public place where you learned or practised something. You should say where the place is, when you went there, what you learned or practised, and explain why that place was suitable for the activity. You have one minute to prepare and one to two minutes to speak. You may make notes.
Show answer and explanation
Response:OPEN: assess actual spoken performance across the interview; no unique answer or point-per-prompt scoring.
Final answer:Illustrative language example only: I would describe the community centre near my old school, where I went to practise speaking English about a year ago. I had been studying by myself, and I could understand quite a lot when I read, but I found it difficult to answer someone quickly. A friend told me that a conversation group met at the centre on Wednesday evenings, so I decided to try it. The first evening was awkward because I did not know anyone. We sat around a large table, though, and the person leading the group gave us a simple question about places we liked visiting. That made it easier to begin. After a few weeks, I could ask follow-up questions instead of only preparing my next answer. The centre was suitable because there was a small room away from the louder activities in the main hall. We could hear each other, and nobody minded if someone needed extra time. It was also close enough for me to walk there, which meant I kept going even when I was busy. I would not say that the group solved every language problem, but it gave me regular practice in responding to other people. That was the part I had been missing when I studied alone.
You have one preparation minute. Note the place, visit and activity, then develop the reason it suited you through concrete details, such as the model's quieter room and convenient walk to regular conversation practice. Keep the long turn connected. The cue card supports one to two minutes of speech, followed by brief rounding questions within the three-to-four-minute part, so practise with a timer and an actual listener. A transcript's word count cannot establish speaking duration, and pronunciation must be judged from speech. The model illustrates one possible account, while your own experience or a coherent practice example may provide a different response.
Question 85
Discuss issues related to public places and learning with the facilitator for four to five minutes. Explain your opinions and respond to follow-up questions.
Show answer and explanation
Response:OPEN: assess actual spoken performance across the interview; no unique answer or point-per-prompt scoring.
Final answer:Illustrative language example only: Practising alone can be useful when someone needs to repeat a difficult step at their own pace. A group offers something different: other people can notice mistakes or ask questions that the learner had not considered. I would expect the best arrangement to depend on the activity, so a public space could provide quiet areas as well as places where discussion is welcome.
Part 3 broadens the discussion. Explain why a group might help learners notice mistakes or ask new questions, then consider how quiet individual practice can serve a different activity and what a shared public space could provide. Respond to each follow-up. The interviewer may ask you to justify an opinion, examine a disadvantage or predict a change during the four-to-five-minute discussion, so develop the new question rather than return to a prepared speech. The model supplies possible ideas, not a preferred political position or a score. All four speaking criteria concern your actual oral performance across the test, including pronunciation that cannot be assessed from these printed words.